鲍威尔谈中国经济：中国放弃了市场经济，中国经济危机不会传导至美国

杰罗姆鲍威尔：完整的 2024 年 60 分钟采访记录

美联储主席接受CBS采访

佩利：中国最大的房地产开发商之一刚刚破产，我想知道你如何看待中国经济。

鲍威尔：显然，中国经济现在遇到了一些挑战。而且增长已经放缓。他们已经摆脱了——摆脱了以市场为主导、以市场为主导的增长模式。现在更多的是关于国有企业。而且它仍然与房地产投资和类似的事情有太多的联系。你看到了--你看到了围绕商业房地产的问题。

所以，问题是，"这对美国有多重要？你知道，我们与中国的经济关系很重要，但它们主要包括我们购买中国制成品。因此，我们的金融体系与他们的金融体系并没有紧密地交织在一起。

我们的经济，你知道，我们的生产系统与他们的经济系统并没有深深地交织在一起。因此，只要中国发生的事情不会导致经济或金融体系出现重大破坏，那么对美国的影响——我们可能会感觉到一点，但它们不应该那么大。
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PELLEY: One of China's largest real estate developers just went bust, and I wonder how you see the Chinese economy.

POWELL: Chinese economy's meeting some challenges now, obviously. And growth has slowed. They've got away -- gotten away from a market-led, led growth model. It's more about the state-owned enterprises now. And it's still too much associated with real estate investment and things like that. And you're seeing -- you're seeing issues around commercial real estate there. 

So, the question is, "How much does that matter for the United States?" You know, we have -- our economic relations with China are important, but they mostly consist of our, you know, buying Chinese manufactured product. So, our financial system is not deeply intertwined with theirs.

Our economic, you know, our production systems are not deeply intertwined with theirs. So, as long as what happens in China doesn't lead to significant disruptions in the economy or the financial system, then the implications for the United States -- we may feel them a bit, but they shouldn't be that large.